Pediatric Nephrology
Paediatric Nephrology focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of kidney and urinary tract disorders in children. Although kidney problems are less common in children compared to adults, they do occur and can have significant impacts on a child’s health and development. Here’s an overview of key conditions and concepts in paediatric nephrology:
Common Paediatric Renal Conditions
- Post-Infectious Glomerulonephritis: Often following a streptococcal infection, this condition involves inflammation of the glomeruli (the filtering units of the kidney). It’s typically treatable with medications and supportive care.
- Steroid-Sensitive Nephrotic Syndrome: A condition characterized by significant protein loss in the urine, low blood protein levels, and swelling. It’s generally responsive to corticosteroids, though relapses can occur.
Unique Renal Conditions in Children
- Congenital Anomalies of the Kidneys and Urinary Tract (CAKUT): This group includes various abnormalities present at birth, such as:
- Hydronephrosis: Swelling of the kidney due to urine buildup.
- Renal Agenesis: Absence of one or both kidneys.
- Horseshoe Kidney: Fusion of the kidneys at their lower poles.
- Posterior Urethral Valves: Abnormal flaps of tissue in the male urethra that obstruct urine flow, leading to bladder and kidney damage if not treated promptly.
- Vesicoureteric Reflux: A condition where urine flows backward from the bladder into the ureters or kidneys, increasing the risk of urinary tract infections and kidney damage.
- Voiding Dysfunction: Includes problems with bladder control and urination, such as:
- Enuresis: Involuntary urination, often occurring at night.
- Urinary Incontinence: Difficulty controlling urination during the day.
- Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs): Frequent infections in the urinary tract, which can be due to anatomical abnormalities or other factors.
- Renal Tubular Disorders: Conditions affecting the kidney tubules, leading to issues like:
- Metabolic Acidosis: Accumulation of acid in the body due to impaired kidney function.
- Dehydration: Resulting from the kidneys’ inability to concentrate urine properly.
- Failure to Thrive: Poor growth and development due to kidney issues.
- Rickets: Bone disease caused by vitamin D deficiency related to renal tubular dysfunction.
- Recurrent Renal Stones: Frequent formation of stones in the kidneys.
- Electrolyte Abnormalities: Imbalances in crucial electrolytes like potassium and sodium.
- Hypertension: High blood pressure, which can be secondary to kidney disease.
Importance of Early Detection and Treatment
Early identification and management of these conditions are crucial, as untreated renal issues can lead to severe complications, including chronic kidney disease or renal failure. Pediatric nephrologists use a range of diagnostic tools and treatment strategies to address these conditions and support children’s health and development.
Regular follow-up and comprehensive care are essential to manage these conditions effectively and minimize long-term impacts on a child’s quality of life.
Paediatric Nephrology Care at BKC, Bangalore
Comprehensive Kidney Care for Children
At BKC in Bangalore, our Division of Paediatric Nephrology offers expert diagnosis and management for a wide range of acute and chronic kidney disorders in children. Given the long life expectancy of paediatric patients, early intervention and appropriate management are crucial.
Our Services Include:
- Diagnosis and Management of Kidney Disorders:
- Complicated Nephrotic Syndrome
- Hypertension
- Hematuria
- Proteinuria
- Renal Tubular Acidosis
- Nephrolithiasis
- Glomerulonephritis
- Acute and Chronic Kidney Failure
- End-Stage Kidney Disease Care:
- Dialysis Options: Peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis
- Renal Transplantation: Pre-transplant workup and follow-up care post-transplant
Special Considerations:
- Early Initiation of Dialysis and Transplantation: Vital for managing end-stage renal disease in children.
- Nutritional Management: Addressing specific dietary needs.
- Immunization Challenges: Tailoring vaccination schedules for children with kidney disease.
Our multidisciplinary team ensures personalized care to improve outcomes and quality of life for children with kidney disorders.
For more information or to schedule an appointment, please contact us at: bkc@gmail.com