Nephrotic Syndrome
It is a kidney disorder characterized by the following key features:
- Edema: Swelling of the legs, face, or other parts of the body due to fluid retention.
- Proteinuria: High levels of protein in the urine, which can be detected through urine tests.
- Hypoalbuminemia: Low levels of albumin (a type of protein) in the blood, resulting from the loss of protein through urine.
- Hyperlipidemia: Elevated levels of lipids (fats) in the blood, often occurring alongside nephrotic syndrome.
In adults, the underlying causes of nephrotic syndrome can be varied and may include conditions such as minimal change disease, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, and membranous nephropathy, among others. A kidney biopsy is often necessary to diagnose the specific type of kidney damage or disease responsible for the syndrome. This biopsy helps guide treatment and management by providing a clear picture of the underlying pathology.